Inorganic luminescent semiconductor materials doped with luminescent ions are characterized by diverse luminescence modes, high light conversion efficiency, and tunable emission wavelengths, which have been widely developed and applied in the fields of lighting, display, anti‐counterfeiting, sensing, and biomedicine. The development of new and efficient host materials with full spectral coverage has been a long‐term challenge in this field. In recent years, alkaline‐earth metal zinc oxysulfides (AZnOS, A = Ca, Sr, Ba) have become an important candidate in the field of inorganic luminescence with their excellent optical properties. The “A²⁺” and “Zn²⁺” sites in the crystal lattice provide abundant substitution sites for the doping of different luminescent ions, thus exhibiting a wide range of optical properties and tunable spectra from the visible to the near‐infrared. This review will comprehensively discuss the …